Dislocated Thumb: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment
A dislocated thumb occurs when one of the joints in the thumb is forced out of its normal position. This can happen at either the joint near the base of the thumb (the metacarpophalangeal joint) or the joint closer to the tip (the interphalangeal joint). Thumb dislocations are typically caused by a fall, direct impact, or sudden twisting motion, and are common in sports or accidents involving outstretched hands.
Symptoms include immediate pain, swelling, bruising, and visible deformity of the thumb. The thumb may appear crooked or bent at an unusual angle, and moving it may be extremely painful or impossible.
A diagnosis is made through physical examination and confirmed with X-rays to assess the extent of the injury and rule out associated fractures. Treatment usually involves a careful realignment of the joint, called a reduction, which may be done in the clinic under local anesthesia. In some cases, if the joint is unstable or soft tissue is damaged, surgery may be needed to repair ligaments or stabilize the joint.
After treatment, a splint or brace may be used to protect the thumb while it heals. Physical therapy may help restore motion and strength. With proper care, most people recover full function of the thumb without long-term problems.
