Foot Fracture

Foot Fracture: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

A foot fracture is a break in one or more of the bones in the foot. These include the long metatarsal bones, the navicular bone, and other smaller bones that support weight and enable movement. Fractures can range from small cracks (nondisplaced) to more serious breaks where the bones have shifted out of position (displaced).

Foot fractures are often caused by twisting injuries, dropping a heavy object on the foot, direct trauma during sports, or repetitive stress from overuse. Symptoms typically include pain, swelling, bruising, difficulty walking, and tenderness over the injured area. In some cases, the foot may look misshapen or feel unstable.

The most commonly injured bones include the metatarsals and the navicular. A fracture of the fifth metatarsal — along the outside of the foot — is especially common and may be referred to as a Jones fracture. Diagnosis is made through a physical exam and confirmed with X-rays or other imaging studies.

Treatment depends on the location and severity of the break. Nondisplaced fractures may heal with rest, a walking boot, or a cast. Displaced fractures often require realignment and may need surgery to stabilize the bones using plates, screws, or pins. Recovery time varies but may take several weeks to months. Physical therapy may be recommended to restore strength and flexibility once healing is complete.

Most foot fractures heal well with proper care. Early diagnosis and treatment help reduce the risk of long-term problems and support a safe return to normal activity.