Kneecap Fracture

Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment of a Kneecap Fractures

A kneecap fracture is a break in the patella, the small bone at the front of the knee that protects the joint and helps with leg extension. This type of fracture often occurs from a direct impact, such as a fall onto the knee or a blow during a car accident, but can also happen from sudden, forceful contraction of the thigh muscles.

Symptoms of a kneecap fracture include sharp pain at the front of the knee, swelling, bruising, and difficulty straightening the leg or bearing weight. In some cases, the fracture may cause a visible gap or deformity in the kneecap.

Diagnosis is confirmed with a physical exam and imaging such as X-rays to determine the location and pattern of the break. Fractures can be classified as nondisplaced (the bone pieces stay in place) or displaced (the bone is out of alignment). In some cases, small bone fragments may also be present.

Treatment depends on the severity of the fracture. Nondisplaced fractures may be treated with immobilization in a brace or cast and limited weight-bearing while the bone heals. Displaced fractures or those involving multiple fragments may require surgery to realign and secure the bone with wires, screws, or plates.

Recovery often includes physical therapy to restore range of motion and strength. At Slocum, our orthopedic team provides expert care for kneecap injuries to help patients recover safely and return to activity.